Many people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) also experience depression. These two conditions can overlap and affect how you feel, think and cope with everyday life. Understanding how they are linked can help you recognise the signs, find the right support and take steps towards feeling better.
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What is BPD?
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition that affects the way you think and feel about yourself and others. It can lead to intense emotions, difficulties in relationships and problems with self-image and behaviour.
Common symptoms of BPD include:
- strong mood swings that may last a few hours or days
- fear of being abandoned or rejected
- feeling empty or numb
- impulsive or risky behaviour
- intense and unstable relationships
- self-harm or suicidal thoughts
Everyone’s experience of BPD is different. Some people may also experience other mental health conditions, including depression.
What is depression?
Depression is more than just feeling low or sad. It is a serious mental health condition that affects your mood, thoughts and daily life.
Symptoms of depression include:
- low mood that does not go away
- loss of interest in things you used to enjoy
- tiredness or low energy
- changes in sleep or appetite
- difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- feelings of guilt, hopelessness or worthlessness
- thoughts of self-harm or suicide
Depression can range from mild to severe. It may come on suddenly or develop gradually over time.
How depression and BPD are linked
Depression is common in people with BPD. Many people live with both conditions at the same time. This is called a co-occurring or comorbid condition.
There are several reasons why depression and BPD may be linked:
- the emotional pain caused by BPD symptoms can lead to low mood
- repeated relationship problems can affect self-esteem
- impulsive behaviour can lead to regret or guilt
- ongoing stress and conflict can wear you down emotionally
If you have both BPD and depression, you may find your symptoms are more severe or harder to manage. This can also increase the risk of self-harm or suicidal thoughts, so it’s important to get support.
Getting a diagnosis
A mental health professional such as a psychiatrist can assess your symptoms and help with a diagnosis. They may ask questions about your thoughts, feelings and behaviour.
It is possible to be diagnosed with both BPD and depression. Having a clear diagnosis can help you get the right treatment and support.
You might be referred to your local community mental health team or a specialist personality disorder service.
Treatment and support
Treatment for BPD and depression often involves a mix of talking therapies, practical support and sometimes medication.
Talking therapies
The main treatment for BPD is talking therapy. The most common types include:
- dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)
- mentalisation-based therapy (MBT)
- schema-focused therapy
- cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
CBT is often used to treat depression. Some people may be offered a combination of therapies, depending on their needs.
Medication
There is no specific medicine for BPD, but medication may help with some symptoms. For depression, antidepressants may be prescribed, such as SSRIs.
Other support
You may also find it helpful to:
- speak to your GP about local services
- join a support group
- get help with housing, employment or benefits
- talk to trusted friends or family
Treatment can take time but recovery is possible with the right support.
How to help yourself
Living with BPD and depression can be challenging, but there are things you can do to manage your mental health:
- Learn to recognise your triggers and warning signs
- Keep a routine where possible
- Get regular sleep, food and exercise
- Avoid alcohol or drugs
- Practise self-care, such as doing something you enjoy
- Write down your thoughts and feelings
- Ask for help when you need it
You are not alone. Many people live well with BPD and depression when they get the right support.
Summary: Depression and BPD
BPD and depression often occur together. The emotional challenges of BPD can increase the risk of depression, and both can affect your daily life. Talking therapies are the main treatment, and medication may also help.
If you are struggling, speak to your GP or mental health team. With the right care, things can improve.
