Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition that affects how a person thinks, feels and relates to others. It can cause intense emotions, unstable relationships and a strong fear of being abandoned.
BPD can be difficult to live with, both for the person and for people around them. But with the right support and treatment, people with BPD can manage symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.
Table of Contents:
Common signs and symptoms
Everyone’s experience of BPD is different, but some common signs include:
- strong mood swings that can change quickly
- feeling very anxious, angry, low or empty
- intense fear of being rejected or abandoned
- struggling with self-image or identity
- difficulty keeping stable relationships
- impulsive behaviour, such as spending sprees or risky activities
- self-harm or thoughts of suicide
These symptoms may feel overwhelming and unpredictable. It’s important to know that these feelings are real and that support is available.
What causes BPD?
The exact cause of borderline personality disorder is not fully known. It is likely to be a mix of factors, including:
- childhood trauma or abuse
- neglect or unstable relationships while growing up
- family history of mental health conditions
- changes in brain development and how emotions are processed
Having these experiences does not mean someone will definitely develop BPD, but they can increase the risk.
How BPD affects everyday life
BPD can affect many areas of life. This might include:
- friendships, family and romantic relationships
- managing work, education or responsibilities
- physical health and self-care
- how someone sees themselves and others
It can be hard to cope with strong emotions or trust others. This may lead to sudden changes in mood or behaviour, which others may not understand.
Getting a diagnosis and finding support
If you think you or someone you know might have BPD, speak to a GP. They can refer you to a mental health specialist who can assess your symptoms.
Getting a diagnosis can help you understand what is happening and what support is available. Treatment for BPD often includes:
- talking therapies, such as dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)
- medication for related symptoms like anxiety or depression
- support groups or peer support
- crisis services, if needed
The right support can make a big difference. Recovery is possible, and many people find ways to manage their symptoms over time.
Supporting someone with BPD
If someone you care about has BPD, it can be challenging at times. You might feel unsure how to help. Some helpful steps include:
- listening without judgment
- learning about BPD so you can understand what they’re going through
- encouraging them to seek professional support
- looking after your own wellbeing and setting healthy boundaries
Support is available for families, carers and friends too.
Summary: What is BPD?
Borderline personality disorder is a mental health condition that affects emotions, relationships and self-image. It can cause distressing symptoms, but with the right help, people with BPD can lead meaningful and stable lives.
Understanding what BPD is helps reduce stigma and encourages people to seek the support they need. Whether you are experiencing symptoms yourself or supporting someone who is, help is available.
